Thêi sù

§êi sèng chÝnh trÞ

Kinh tÕ - X· héi

I. Héi tho¹i (Conversations)

1.B©y giê lµ mïa g× (What season is it now?)

2. Trêi h«m nay thÕ nµo? (What is the weather like today?)

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3. §éng ®Êt ë ®©u? (Where is the earthquake?)

II. Ng÷ ph¸p (grammar)

1. The structure "verb + "®i" + verb + "l¹i" is used to indicate that the action is repeate® many times. It means "again and again" in English (CÊu tróc "®éng tõ + "®i" + ®éng tõ + "l¹i" ®­îc sö dông ®Ó biÓu thÞ r»ng hµnh ®éng ®­îc lËp l¹i nhiÒu lÇn. Nã cã nghÜa nh­ "again and again" trong tiÕng Anh).

ChÞ Êy ®· ®äc ®i ®äc l¹i quyÓn tiÓu thuyÕt nµy.
She has read this novel again and again.
T«i ®· nãi ®i nãi l¹i víi hä lµ ®õng ch¬i ë ®ã.
I have told them again and again not to play there.
ThÇy gi¸o gi¶ng ®i gi¶ng l¹i bµi 20.
The teacher has explained lesson 20 again and again.

2. The word "h»ng" goes before the nouns indicating time such as "ngµy" (day), "tuÇn" (week), "th¸ng"   (month), "n¨m" (year), "quý" (three months)... In these cases, it means "every" (Tõ "h»ng" ®i tr­íc c¸c danh tõ chØ thêi gian nh­ "ngµy", "tuÇn", "th¸ng", "n¨m", "mïa"... Trong tr­êng hîp nµy, nã cã nghÜa lµ "every").

H»ng ngµy t«i dËy lóc 6 giê.
Every day I get up at six o'clock.
Thø b¶y h»ng tuÇn chóng t«i ®i xem phim ë r¹p Rex.
Every Saturday we go to the Rex cinema.
H»ng th¸ng chÞ Êy ®i chïa vµo ngµy mïng mét.
Every month she goes to the pagoda on the First.
H»ng n¨m chóng t«i nghØ hÌ vµo th¸ng t¸m.
Every year we have summer holidays in August.

The word "hµng" goes before the numerals such as "tr¨m" (hundred), "ngh×n" (thousand), "triÖu" (million), "tû" (billion), "chôc" (ten), ("hµng" ®i tr­íc c¸c sè tõ "tr¨m", "ngh×n", "triÖu", "tû", "chôc").

Hµng ngh×n ng­êi ph¶i s¬ t¸n khái thµnh phè.
Thousands of people had to evacuate the city.
Hµng tr¨m ng­êi chÕt v× ®éng ®Êt.
Hundreds of people died because of the earthquake.
Hµng triÖu ng­êi bÞ m¾c sida.
Millions of people are affected by AIDS.
Hµng ngh×n ng«i nhµ bÞ sËp v× bom.
Thousands of houses collapsed because of bombs.

3. The structure "®·... l¹i..." or "®·... l¹i cßn..." means "not only... but also".

Trêi ®· l¹nh l¹i cßn hanh.
It is not only cold but also dry.
Nã ®· dèt l¹i l­êi.
He is not only stupid but also lazy.
V× sao chÞ ®· mua r­îu l¹i cßn mua bia?
Why did you buy not only alcohol but also beer?

Note: You can place the word "n÷a" into the end of the sentences  with the structure "®·... l¹i..." (B¹n cã thÓ ®Æt tõ "n÷a" vµo cuèi nh÷ng c©u cã cÊu tróc "®·... l¹i...").

Trêi ®· l¹nh l¹i cßn hanh n÷a.
It is not only cold but also dry.
V× sao chÞ ®· mua r­îu l¹i cßn mua bia n÷a?
Why did you buy not only alcohol but also beer?

4. In the lesson 17, you have studied the expression "cµng ngµy cµng" with meaning "more and more". In this lesson, you'll stuydy the structure "cµng... cµng..." with meaning "the more... the more...". (Trong bµi 17, c¸c b¹n ®· häc tæ hîp tõ "cµng ngµy cµng". Trong bµi nµy, c¸c b¹n sÏ häc cÊu tróc "cµng... cµng...").

Cµng lín c« bÐ cµng trë nªn xinh ®Ñp.
The more she grows the more beautiful she becomes.
Cµng lín nã cµng th«ng minh.
The more he grows the cleverer he is.
Cµng häc nã cµng dèt.
The more he studies the more stupid he becomes.

Notes: "cµng... cµng..." indicates the increase in character or state of the two processes having the cause - effect relation; "cµng ngµy cµng" (more and more) indicates the increase in character or  state of the only process in accordance with the time.

   (Chó ý: "cµng... cµng..." biÓu thÞ sù t¨ng tiÕn vÒ tÝnh chÊt, tr¹ng th¸i cña hai qu¸ tr×nh cã mèi quan hÖ nh©n - qu¶; "cµng ngµy cµng" biÓu thÞ sù t¨ng tiÕn vÒ tÝnh chÊt, tr¹ng th¸i chØ cña mét qu¸ tr×nh riªng rÏ theo thêi gian).

ChÞ Êy cµng ngµy cµng xinh ®Ñp.
She is more and more beautiful.

5. The word "nhau" means "each  other", "one another". It can go after some prepositions such as "cho", "víi", "cïng", etc. (Tõ "nhau" cã nghÜa lµ "each  other", "one  another". Nã cã thÓ ®i sau mét sè giíi tõ nh­ "cho", "víi", "cïng", v.v.).

Chóng t«i rÊt yªu nhau.
We love each other very much.
Hä lÊy nhau c¸ch ®©y m­êi n¨m.
They got married to each other  10 years ago.
Hä lu«n lu«n gióp nhau.
Hä lu«n lu«n gióp ®ì lÉn nhau.
They always help one another.
Hä lu«n sèng v× nhau.
They always live for each other.
C¸c b¹n t«i vµ t«i lu«n viÕt th­ cho nhau.
My friends and I always write letters to each other.
Chóng t«i sèng víi nhau trong cïng mét nhµ.
We live together in the same house.
Chóng t«i sÏ ®i xem phim cïng nhau.
We'll go to the cinema together.

III. thùc hµnh (practice)

1. Complete the following conversations
   (Hoµn thµnh c¸c ®o¹n héi tho¹i sau)

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   * Use the words in the column A to ask and to answer in the negative, the words in the column B to answer in the affirmative.
   (Dïng c¸c tõ ë cét A ®Ó hái vµ tr¶ lêi phñ ®Þnh, c¸c tõ ë cét B ®Ó tr¶ lêi kh¼ng ®Þnh).                            

3. Use the words in the column A and in the column B above to answer the question "H«m nay thêi tiÕt thÕ nµo?" (What is the weather like today?) {Dïng c¸c tõ ë cét A vµ cét B ë trªn tr¶ lêi c©u hái "H«m nay  thêi tiÕt thÕ nµo?"}.

4. ë n­íc anh cã b·o kh«ng
Are there storms in your country?

* Replace the word "b·o" with the following words to make new questions, then answer them in the negative and in the affirmative. (Thay tõ "b·o" b»ng c¸c tõ sau ®Ó t¹o ra nh÷ng c©u hái míi, sau ®ã tr¶ lêi nh÷ng c©u hái ®ã d­íi d¹ng phñ ®Þnh vµ kh¼ng ®Þnh).

   5. Use "cµng... cµng..." to change two sentences into one sentence according to the model below. (Dïng "cµng... cµng..." chuyÓn hai c©u thµnh mét c©u theo mÉu d­íi ®©y).

ChÞ Êy cµng ®Ñp anh Êy cµng yªu chÞ Êy.
The more beautiful she is, the more he loves her.

IV.§äc hiÓu (Reading comprehension)

Thiªn tai trªn thÕ giíi
Natural calamities

   Tõ xa x­a, con ng­êi vµ thiªn nhiªn ®· g¾n bã mËt thiÕt víi nhau. Thiªn nhiªn nu«i d­ìng, chë che con ng­êi. Vµ con ng­êi còng gãp phÇn kh«ng nhá trong viÖc lµm ®Ñp thªm bé mÆt cña thiªn nhiªn. Thiªn nhiªn vµ con ng­êi ®· thùc sù trë thµnh ®«i b¹n tri kû.

   Song bªn c¹nh nh÷ng g× thiªn nhiªn ®· ­u ®·i, ban ¬n cho con ng­êi, h»ng n¨m nã còng mang ®Õn cho nh©n lo¹i kh«ng Ýt nh÷ng tai häa, thËm chÝ rÊt th¶m khèc. Nh÷ng trËn m­a lín kÐo dµi nhiÒu ngµy, g©y ra lôt léi, ®· lµm cho hµng ngh×n ng«i nhµ bÞ n­íc cuèn tr«i, hµng tr¨m ng­êi chÕt. Råi nh÷ng ngµy n¾ng nãng dai d¼ng, n¹n h¹n h¸n hoµnh hµnh ®· lµm cho kh«ng chØ c©y cèi mµ c¶ con ng­êi còng l©m vµo t×nh tr¹ng thiÕu n­íc. ë nhiÒu n¬i nh­ Philippinnes, Trung Quèc, ViÖt Nam, NhËt B¶n,... nh÷ng trËn b·o lín liªn tiÕp trµn vÒ h»ng n¨m ph¸ ho¹i mïa mµng c©y cèi, tµn ph¸ nhµ cöa, ruéng v­ên vµ c­íp ®i sinh m¹ng cña kh«ng Ýt ng­êi d©n ®Þa ph­¬ng. Cïng víi b·o lôt, n¹n ®éng ®Êt th­êng x¶y ra ë mét vµi n¬i trªn thÕ giíi còng mang ®Õn con ng­êi nh÷ng bi kÞch ®¸ng sî. ChØ trong vµi phót, hµng ngh×n ng«i nhµ, hµng tr¨m cÇu cèng... cã thÓ bÞ sËp ®æ. Vµ cïng víi sù ®æ vì ®ã lµ c¸i chÕt cña biÕt bao ng­êi v« téi. VÉn ch­a hÕt. C¸ch ®©y vµi n¨m, kh¸n gi¶ truyÒn h×nh trªn thÕ giíi cßn ®­îc chøng kiÕn c¶nh hµng chôc ngh×n ng­êi Philippinnes ph¶i rêi bá quª h­¬ng m×nh v× sù "thøc dËy" cña mét ngän nói löa ®· "yªn giÊc" sau hµng tr¨m n¨m.

Natural Disaster

From ancient times, humans and nature have been closely connected. Nature reared and protected humans, and humans contribute significantly to beautifying the face of nature. Nature and humans have truly became the best of friends.

However, apart from what nature has given to humans, every year it also brings to the human race numerous disasters, some of which are merciless. Heavy rainfalls that last for days have created floods, sweeping away thousands of houses and killing hundreds of people. Then during the dry season, drought causes serious water shortages. In many areas such as the Philippines, China and Vietnam, there are severe floods every year, destroying trees and crops, demolishing houses and farms, and taking the lives of many local people. Together with floods, there is the danger of earthquakes. The frequent occurrence of earthquake in certain parts of the world also causes terrifying tragedies. In only a matter of minutes, thousands of houses and bridges can collapse. And with them come the deaths of many innocent people. And that is not all. A few years ago, TV viewers around the world had the chance to witness the scene of thousands Filipino people leaving their homeland because of the eruption of a volcano that had been dormant for hundreds of years.

V. Bµi tËp (exercises)

a) Change the following sentences according to the model below. (ChuyÓn ®æi c¸c c©u d­íi ®©y theo mÉu sau).

b) Translate  the  following sentences into Vietnamese.
   (DÞch c¸c c©u sau sang tiÕng ViÖt)

1. Will  it be  sunny today?
2. Is there snow in England?
3. Susan and Robert kissed each other.
4. They told each other about their families.
5. In Summer, it hotter in Vietnam than  in Malaysia.
6. The floods often happen in the rainy season.
7. I have listened to the song "Lambada" again and again.
8. The older she becomes, the weaker she is.
9. They are walking together in the garden.
10. There are millions of people who  are  poor in the world.

c) Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.
   (H·y söa lçi trong nh÷ng c©u sau)

1. Hai ng­êi yªu víi nhau.
2. Hä nãi chuyÖn nhau ë trong phßng.
3. Chóng t«i th­êng viÕt th­ nhau.
4. Hä c­íi víi nhau c¸ch ®©y 3 n¨m.
5. H»ng thø 7 t«i ®i xem phim.
6. H»ng th¸ng t¸m chóng t«i nghØ hÌ.

vi. gi¶i ®¸p bµi tËp (key to the exercises)

a)

1. Anh Êy ®· uèng r­îu l¹i (cßn) uèng bia.
2. Nhµ anh Êy ®· to l¹i ®Ñp.
3. ChÞ Êy ®· häc tiÕng Anh l¹i häc tiÕng Ph¸p.
4. C©y nµy ®· to l¹i cao.
5. Trêi h«m nay ®· l¹nh l¹i cßn m­a.

b)

1. H«m nay  trêi cã n¾ng kh«ng?
   Trêi h«m nay cã n¾ng kh«ng?
   H«m nay cã n¾ng kh«ng?
2. ë Anh cã tuyÕt kh«ng?
3. Susan  vµ Robert h«n nhau.
4. Hä nãi chuyÖn víi nhau vÒ gia ®×nh hä.
5. Vµo mïa hÌ, ë ViÖt Nam nãng h¬n ë Malaysia.
6. C¸c trËn lôt th­êng x¶y ra vµo mïa m­a.
7. T«i nghe ®i nghe l¹i bµi h¸t "Lambada".
8. Cµng giµ bµ Êy cµng yÕu.
   Bµ Êy cµng giµ cµng yÕu.
9. Hä ®ang ®i d¹o víi nhau ë trong v­ên.
   Hä ®ang ®i d¹o cïng nhau ë trong v­ên.
10. Trªn thÕ giíi cã hµng triÖu ng­êi nghÌo.

c)

1. Hai ng­êi yªu nhau.
2. Hä nãi chuyÖn víi nhau ë trong phßng.
3. Chóng t«i th­êng viÕt th­ cho nhau.
4. Hä c­íi nhau c¸ch ®©y 3 n¨m.
5. Thø b¶y h»ng tuÇn, t«i ®i xem phim.
6. Th¸ng t¸m h»ng n¨m, chóng t«i nghØ hÌ.