Thêi sù

§êi sèng chÝnh trÞ

Kinh tÕ - X· héi

I. héi tho¹i (conversations)

1. Trªn ®­êng ®Õn tr­êng ®¹i häc
   (On the road to the university)

2. Hái giê trªn xe buýt (Asking the time in the bus)

3. ë c¬ quan (At the office)

4. Tr­íc giê vµo häc (Before classes)

II. ng÷ ph¸p (grammar)

1. Way of telling the time (C¸ch nãi giê)

B©y giê lµ mÊy  giê?
What time is it now?
B©y giê lµ b¶y r­ìi.
It is half past seven.
B©y giê lµ m­êi giê.
It is ten.
B©y giê lµ m­êi giê kÐm m­êi l¨m.
It is 15 minutes  to ten.
B©y giê lµ m­êi giê m­êi l¨m.
It is 10.15.

2. Way of telling the seasons of a year (C¸ch nãi vÒ c¸c mïa)

B©y giê lµ mïa g×?
Mïa nµy lµ mïa g×?
What season is it now?
B©y giê lµ mïa hÌ.
It is summer.

3. "kho¶ng", "chõng", "®é" are synonyms. They mean "about", "approximately" ("kho¶ng", "chõng", "®é" lµ nh÷ng tõ ®ång nghÜa cã nghÜa nh­ "about", "approximately")

B©y giê kho¶ng t¸m giê.
It is about 8 o'clock.
T«i sÏ ë Tokyo chõng hai n¨m.
I will stay in Tokyo for about two years.
ChÞ Êy ®é ba m­¬i tuæi.
She is about 30 years old.

4. "võa", "míi", "võa míi" - adverbs standing before verbs to denote the near past tense. They mean "just", "recently" ("võa", "míi", "võa míi" - c¸c phã tõ ®øng tr­íc ®éng tõ ®Ó biÓu thÞ qu¸ khø gÇn, cã nghÜa nh­ "just", "recently").

Con t«i võa míi ngñ.
My child has just slept.
ChÞ Êy võa ra ga tµu háa.
She has just gone to the railway station.
T«i míi ®Õn ®©y kho¶ng n¨m phót.
I have just come here for 5 minutes.

5. "bao l©u" means "how long", "trong bao l©u" means "for how long". They are used to ask period of time to carry out an action ("bao l©u" vµ "trong bao l©u" ®­îc dïng ®Ó hái vÒ kho¶ng thêi gian ®Ó thùc hiÖn mét hµnh ®éng).

Anh sÏ häc tiÕng ViÖt trong bao l©u?
How long will you study Vietnamese for?
T«i sÏ häc tiÕng ViÖt trong hai n¨m.
I will study Vietnamese for two years.

¤ng muèn thuª phßng nµy bao l©u?
How long do you want to rent this room for?
T«i sÏ thuª mét n¨m.
I will rent it for one year.

6. Adverbs of manner usually stand after a verbal predicate to denote states and characteristics of a verbal predicate (C¸c phã tõ chØ c¸ch thøc hµnh ®éng th­êng ®øng sau vÞ ng÷ ®éng tõ ®Ó biÓu thÞ tr¹ng th¸i, tÝnh chÊt cña vÞ ng÷ ®éng tõ).

¤ng Êy th­êng nãi chËm.
He often speaks slowly.
Anh Êy ch¹y rÊt nhanh.
He runs very fast.

   * In some cases, if an adverb of manner is a two-syllable word and a verb is a two-syllable word, too an adverb of manner can stand before a verbal predicate (Trong mét sè tr­êng hîp, nÕu phã tõ chØ c¸ch thøc hµnh ®éng lµ mét tõ hai ©m tiÕt vµ ®éng tõ còng lµ mét tõ hai ©m tiÕt th× nã cã thÓ ®øng tr­íc vÞ ng÷ ®éng tõ). For examples (VÝ dô):

Anh Êy häc tËp cÇn cï.
Anh Êy cÇn cï häc tËp.
He studies hard.

   * If an adverb of manner is a two-syllable word, you can add mét c¸ch in front of it (NÕu phã tõ chØ c¸ch thøc hµnh ®éng lµ mét hai tõ hai ©m tiÕt, b¹n cã thÓ thªm "mét c¸ch" vµo tr­íc nã).

T×nh h×nh thay ®æi nhanh chãng.
T×nh h×nh thay ®æi mét c¸ch nhanh chãng.
The situation changes quickly.

   In this case, combination of "mét c¸ch + adverb" never stands before a verbal predicate (Trong tr­êng hîp nµy, tæ hîp "mét c¸ch + phã tõ" kh«ng bao giê ®øng tr­íc vÞ ng÷ ®éng tõ).

   You cannot say: T×nh h×nh mét c¸ch nhanh chãng thay ®æi. ( -- )

III. thùc hµnh (practice)

   * Use the following numbers to answer the question
(Dïng c¸c sè sau tr¶ lêi c©u hái)
B©y giê lµ mÊy giê? (What time is it now?)

   * Use the words in the column A to ask and use the words in the column B to answer those questions (Dïng c¸c tõ ë cét A ®Ó hái vµ c¸c tõ ë cét B ®Ó tr¶ lêi).

   * Replace "mïa ®«ng" by the following
   ( Thay tõ "mïa ®«ng" b»ng c¸c tõ sau)

   * Use the words in column (1) to ask and use the words in column (2) to answer those questions (Dïng c¸c tõ ë cét (1) ®Ó hái vµ c¸c tõ ë cét (2) ®Ó tr¶ lêi).

IV. ®äc hiÓu (reading comprehension)

Mét ngµy  lµm viÖc cña t«i
My working day

   H»ng ngµy t«i th­êng dËy vµo  lóc 6 giê s¸ng. Sau khi gÊp ch¨n, mµn, s¸ng nµo t«i còng ch¹y quanh hå Hoµn KiÕm vµ tËp thÓ dôc kho¶ng 45 phót. Sau ®ã, t«i vÒ nhµ t¾m röa vµ ¨n s¸ng. B¶y r­ìi t«i b¾t ®Çu ®Õn c¬ quan. C¬ quan t«i b¾t ®Çu lµm viÖc vµo lóc 8 giê.

   ë c¬ quan t«i rÊt bËn. Cã lóc t«i võa tiÕp kh¸ch võa nghe ®iÖn tho¹i. Lµ th­ ký cho gi¸m ®èc, t«i ph¶i thay mÆt «ng ta gi¶i quyÕt rÊt nhiÒu viÖc quan träng vµ khÈn cÊp. B×nh th­êng, t«i nghØ tr­a vµo lóc 12 giê. T«i th­êng kh«ng vÒ nhµ. C¸c c¸n bé ë c¬ quan t«i hay ¨n tr­a ë c¸c qu¸n ¨n b×nh d©n.  Buæi chiÒu, chóng t«i b¾t ®Çu lµm viÖc tõ mét giê.

   Bèn r­ìi chiÒu, t«i vÒ nhµ ch¬i thÓ thao, t¾m röa vµ ¨n tèi. Buæi tèi, t«i th­êng xem ti-vi, nghe ®µi hoÆc ®äc b¸o.

My Working Day

   I usually get up at 6am in the morning. Having made the bed, I go for a run around Hoan Kiem Lake and do my morning exercises for about 45 minutes. After that, I return home, have a bath and have breakfast. I go to work at 7.30am. My office starts work at 8am.

   I am very busy at the office. Sometimes, I receive guests and take a phone call at the same time. As a secretary for the director, I have to solve many important and urgent problems on his behalf. Normally, I stop working at 12 o’clock. Employees in my office often have lunch at ‘popular inns’ (the inns that sell food with reasonable price). We restart work at one o’clock in the afternoon.

   I finish work at 4.30pm. After that, I go home, play sports, have a bath and have dinner. I usually watch TV, listen to the radio or read the newspapers in the evening.

Tõ ng÷ - Vocabulary

v. bµi tËp (exercises)

a) How do you ask? (B¹n hái thÕ nµo?)

   1. Your watch has stopped working, you want to ask Mr. Nam the time. How do you ask him? (§ång hå cña b¹n bÞ chÕt, b¹n muèn hái anh Nam vÒ giê. B¹n hái thÕ nµo?)

   2. You want to know if Nam's watch is right or wrong. How do you ask him? (B¹n muèn biÕt ®ång hå cña Nam ch¹y ®óng hay sai, b¹n hái anh Nam thÕ nµo?).

   3. You want to know what time Lan 's class begins. How do you ask her? (B¹n muèn biÕt giê nµo líp Lan vµo häc, b¹n hái Lan thÕ nµo?).

   4. You want to know what time Lan 's class finishes. How do you ask Lan? (B¹n muèn biÕt giê nµo líp Lan tan häc, b¹n hái Lan thÕ nµo?).

b) Fill in the blanks with suitable words
   (§iÒn c¸c tõ thÝch hîp vµo chç trèng)

1. Anh Êy ...................... ®Õn ®©y.
   He has just come here.
2. ¤ng sÏ ë ®©y...........................?
   How long will you stay here?
3. T«i sÏ m­în quyÓn s¸ch nµy trong ...... hai tuÇn.
   I'll borrow this book for about two weeks.
4. B©y giê lµ mïa .........?
   What season is it now?
5. ......................... lµ mÊy giê?
   What time is it now?
6. §ªm qua anh ®i ngñ lóc........ ?
   At what time did you go to bed last night?

c) Find incorrect sentences and correct them
   (T×m vµ ch÷a c©u sai)

1. B©y giê lµ bao nhiªu giê?
2. Anh Ên ch¹y mét c¸ch nhanh l¾m.
3. B©y giê lµ chÝn giê kÐm ba m­¬i.
4. Mïa hÌ trêi rÊt l¹nh.
5. H«m nay chóng t«i xem ti-vi tõ 6 giê chiÒu ®Õn 10 giê chiÒu.
6. Mïa thu cã tuyÕt ph¶i kh«ng?

d) Translate the following sentences into Vietnamese
   (DÞch c¸c c©u sau sang tiÕng ViÖt)

1. This season is autumn.
2. What time do you go to work?
3. It is 8.30
4. It is 9.45
5. My father has just left for Malaysia.
6. My son will study French for about four years.
7. You watch is 3 minutes slow, isn't it?
8. How long will you read this book?

e) Translate the following sentences into English.
   (DÞch c¸c c©u sau sang tiÕng Anh)

1. MÊy giê chÞ Êy sÏ ®Õn ®©y?
2. Cuéc häp sÏ kÕt thóc lóc mÊy giê?
3. ë NhËt B¶n, mét n¨m cã mÊy mïa?
4. B©y giê lµ 10 giê kÐm 10.
5. B©y giê lµ 11 giê ®ªm.
6. H»ng ngµy, t«i ¨n s¸ng lóc 7 r­ìi.
7. ë Singapore kh«ng cã tuyÕt.
8. Mïa ®«ng ë ch©u ¢u rÊt l¹nh.

VI. Gi¶i ®¸p bµi tËp (key to the exercises)

a)
1. Anh Nam ¬i! B©y giê lµ mÊy giê?
2. §ång hå anh ch¹y ®óng kh«ng?
3. Lan ¬i! MÊy giê líp cËu vµo häc? /
    Líp b¹n vµo häc lóc mÊy giê?
4. MÊy giê líp cËu tan häc? /
    Líp b¹n tan häc lóc mÊy giê?

b)
1. Anh Êy võa (míi, võa míi) ®Õn ®©y.
2. ¤ng sÏ ë ®©y bao l©u? / ¤ng sÏ ë ®©y trong bao l©u?
3. T«i sÏ m­în quyÓn s¸ch nµy trong kho¶ng (chõng, ®é) hai tuÇn.
4. B©y giê lµ mïa g×?
5. B©y giê lµ mÊy giê?
6. §ªm qua anh ®i ngñ lóc mÊy giê?

c)
1. B©y giê lµ mÊy giê?
2. Anh Êy ch¹y nhanh l¾m.
3. B©y giê lµ t¸m r­ìi.
4. Mïa ®«ng trêi rÊt l¹nh. /
   Mïa hÌ trêi rÊt nãng.
5. H«m nay chóng t«i xem ti-vi tõ 6 giê chiÒu ®Õn 10 giê ®ªm.
6. Correct.

d)
1. Mïa nµy lµ mïa thu. /
    B©y giê lµ mïa thu.
2. MÊy giê anh (chÞ, «ng,...) ®i lµm viÖc? /
    Anh (chÞ, «ng,...) ®i lµm viÖc lóc mÊy giê?
3. B©y giê lµ t¸m r­ìi. /
   B©y giê lµ t¸m giê ba m­¬i.
4. B©y giê lµ chÝn giê bèn l¨m. /
   B©y giê lµ m­êi giê kÐm m­êi l¨m.

5. Bè t«i võa (míi, võa míi) ®i Malaysia.
6. Con trai t«i sÏ häc tiÕng Ph¸p kho¶ng (chõng, ®é) bèn n¨m.
7. §ång hå anh (chÞ,...) chËm ba phót ph¶i kh«ng?
8. Anh (chÞ,...) sÏ ®äc quyÓn s¸ch nµy bao l©u (trong bao l©u)?

e)
1. What time will she come here?
2. At what time will the meeting finish?
3. In Japan how many seasons are there in a year?
4. It is ten to ten now (9.50).
5. It is 11.00 p.m. now.
6. I have breakfast at 7.30 every day.
7. There isn't snow in Singapore.
8. The winter in Europe is very cold.